In control systems, the component that adjusts the process to reach a desired condition is known as a:

In control systems, the correct term for the component that adjusts the process to reach a desired condition is an actuator. Actuators are responsible for converting control signals, typically received from a controller, into physical action or movement. This action might involve opening a valve, adjusting the position of a damper, or moving a motor, all of which aid in controlling the process variables toward a setpoint.

Throughout the control loop, the actuator takes the input from the controller, which processes the information from sensors to determine how far the current conditions deviate from the desired state. By modifying the process accordingly, the actuator plays a crucial role in achieving the desired outcome, effectively ensuring that the system operates within its specified parameters.

The other components, while essential in the overall control system, serve different functions. Sensors measure the current state of the system, providing real-time data to the control system. The controller analyzes this data compared to the desired condition and generates a signal based on its logic to guide the actuator. Transmitters serve the purpose of communicating the signals from the sensor to the controller or actuator but do not perform the adjustment themselves. Thus, the actuator is the key element that makes the necessary adjustments to the system.